Improvement in shuttle tor looms



HUG-o oaas'rannfr, or

NEW YORK, N. Y.

Letters Patent No. 107,220, dated September 13, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT In SHUTTLE PoR LooMs. A i

The Schedule refe/tred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same such as corsets,'lw'here thereare gores or parts inwhich the filling docs not extend across the whole width ofthe goods.

In weaving such work, the shuttle is moved quite l across the goods, but when the warps change their position, or, in more technical language, the shed closes and opens again, the lling-thread is embraced between the wai-ps oliefourth', or some other small fraction ofthe width, and the remainder of the fillingthread extends across the goods, outside and free. On the return motion of` the shuttle this thread is partially carried across ordrawn across with the shuttle, but not quite.

There is liable to remain a loop or waste-thread, hanging ont from the face of the goods, which is a very serious deformity.l

Efforts have been made to avoid this fault by providing devices on the loom which will catch the thread and draw'it tight after the return motion of shuttle, but it is dif'iicult. to adjust such mechanism so as to pull .the thread with just sufficient force. Il'

it is pulled too lightly, it leaves a small loop hanging from the face of the goods; if, on the contrary, it is pulled with too much force, it draws the warp yarns apart at the bight of the filling-thread, or the point where it turns in the goods, and thus produces an offensive aperture or hole in the goods.

My inventionl disposes of' the slack of the fillingthread by winding it on a small roll or spool, actuated by a spring, and carried within the shuttle. All the filling-thread isdelivered over or through this spool.

The mass ofthe bin, as usual, and the spool is made as light as possible, so that its inertia shall be insignificant.

I will proceed to describe what I consider the best means of carrying out my invention.

rlhe accompanying drawing forms a part of this specification. l

Figure l is a plan view from above.

Figure 2 is a plan view from below, or, in other words, a bottoni view.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section.

Figure 4 is a side elevationof' a slightly modified form of the. light drum on which thc slack thread is stored.

Similar letters of reference indicato like parts in all the figures.

filling-thread is carried on a bob- .A is the body of the shuttle, anda is the spindle which carries a bobbin, B, as will be obvious.

The filling-thread is marked B,`and runs from this bobbin through the center of the axis d, of the spool D, which is hung in bearings A1 A?, in the end ot' the shuttle, as represented.

The part D d may be Vconsidered as a reel, spool, or drum. It is made plain, that is to say, withoutlieads, and is preferably roiinded at one or both ends, and is notched, as represented, kto allow the iillingthread B to pass easily out from the interior of the shaft d, and, after'extending along its exterior to about the center of its length, passes through an eye (I'.-

It is' important the hole in the axis d, shall be smooth and adapted to allow the filling-thread or yarn B to pass through as easily as possible. y

After passing through the eye d' the filling-yarn B is wound around the drum'l') a few times. Itis, in fact, wound and unwound at each throw, so that the quantity stored on the periphery of the drum D, varies at rapidly -recurring intervals.

It passesfrom this drum through a smooth eye,

al, opposite to it, in the interior ot' the shuttle, and

from Vthence passes put through an eye, al, at'or near the center ofthe lengt-b ofthe shuttle.

The drum I) is actuated by a gentle spring, E, which is connected to a tough slender cord, e, of silk, or analogous inatcriahw'liich is wound and unwound upon the axis d.

The spring ll maybe the compound material of rubber and liber commonly known as elastic. It is desirable that it shall exert a gentle and nearly uniform tension on the cord c, and the latter must be led through an eye, a, or an equivalent wheel, which shall serve as a. pulley to guide. the cord o, and cause it to wind and unwind properly.

The operation of my shuttle will now be readily understood. It may be driven by picker-sticks, or any analogous device for throwing the shuttle with va violent motion, but it is preferable to employ some of'the means of actuating the shuttle more gently.

I prefer some of the devices known as positivev motions, where the shuttleis moved with a gradualaml moderate motion across the breadtlrof the goods. In 'either case, the first effect of drawing oitr any yarn is to .turn the spool or drum D, and thus deliver a portion of the filling-thread B', whiclrhas been wound around, and thus accumulated thereon.

After this has proceeded to a certain extent, and there is left ou the drum D only one complete coil or less, the tension on theyarnbegins to be suflicient to pull ofi a fresh supply from the bobbin 15, which is delivered, as will be obvious, first through the am aan. f

that the hole in this eye, and alsov `way across the breadth, the drum I) becomes useful shaft 7, then out' through the side of the shaft and along the exterior of thedrum D, through thc eye d'.4 llhis provides for the delivery of fresh yarn from the bohbiu B at everythrow, 'or nearly everythrow.

Any slacrkening ofthe tension on the yarn 1%',as it passes out through the side of the shuttle, indical tive of a surplus vot' such yarn outside, is followed by the withdrawalof a portion of such yarn, that is to say, the constant force of the spring E is exerted to turn the light drum back again to its original position, and thus to again wind up and accumulate a quantity of the filling-yarn B upon the exterior of the drum I), obtaining this inV each instance by the indrawing or backward movement of the yarn.

It follows that, so long' as'my shuttle is weaving on a portionof the goods where the tilling is required to extend across the full breadth, it aetsrsuhstautially like the ordinary shuttle. l

The'rst commencement of any movement may result in a momentary slackening of the filling-yarn, but, before the drum D ca-u Ycommence to gather in and store. it, it, is again drawn ofi", and a ,large quantity is delivered at each movement of the shuttle iu either direction; and the same is true to some extent wit-h the weaving of points ofthe gores when such points extend half way, or more than half way across the breadth ofthe goods, but, when it is weaving on a part of a gore which extends` less than halfhy actually drawing in aml storing a pol/tion of the filling-thread; that is to say, when the shuttle is thrown from the edge' where the gore is beingvwoven, it unwinds the filling-yarn from the drum D, and draws olf a little more from the bobbin, as before described, but on the return `motion it moyes across the entire breadth ofthe fabric without requiring to deliverl any ot'` the filling-yarn, but, on the contrary, requiring to take up the same by drawing back into the shuttle that portion which laid extending idly across on the l'acc ofthe goods.

The action of my device is' superior to that of a threadcateher working as a part ofthe loom, because it is, in the present state of the art, impossible to make a thread-catcher which shall, like my device, take up the thread as'fast as the shuttle travA cls. f

Itwill be observed that when my shuttle is moved by any positive meehanisln, so as to avoid the quick jerks which come from the fly-shuttle motion, my light drum I), actuated as described, can take up, and does take up the yarn as fast as the shuttle travels back upon its former path. f

When the shuttle went out across the' goods it laid a yarn the whole breadth of the goods. When `the shcdcloscd and opened again that aetembraced the yarn for a small extent, say one-fourth, of the breadth ofthe goods, and left the remaining threefourths Ii'ee oi' loose on the face of the goods.

Now, my shuttle, traversing backward over that path, draws in and stores away that yarn as soon as it comes to it. '.lherc is no passing clear back to its state of rest, and doubling and dragging the slack ofthe filling-yarn with it, and leaving a portion to bc iinallytalcu up by a tln'ead-catcher. Such au act-ion involves a liability vto entanglement which my invention avoids. With my shuttle the slack is taken up instantly, and in short, there 1s no slack atany period.

When my shuttle again passes `the point, assumed to be :at about tln'ee-fourths of its return motion, where the weaving of the gore commences, my drum I) again reverses its motion, and begins to deliver vari-l. It delivers it during the remainder of its mo tion exactly as in the ordinary manner, and the velosiug of the'shed weaves it in with exactly the proper tension. l 4

I have, in some of my experiments, ymade the drum `Dnniinly of paper, varnished, to smooth and Stien it. .It is only essential that it be light, and sutciently strong and stiff to endure the slight force to which it is subjected.

The form of the shuttle may be varied in various ways, vand the means of securing the drum D and its shaft, as also the several eyes, may be varied according to the judgment or taste of the constructor'.

lhc filling-yarn may, if desired, be led through the shaft d, or through the interior of the drum I), quite to the cyc d'.

I do not confine myself to the Varrangement of the spring herein shown. 4 crate successfully by a spring analogous to the hairspring ota strong cln'onon'ieter, but longer, which may he mounted within the hollow paper o1' other light materialY which forms the surface of the drum,

vor by employing a connecting-cord, c, or its equivalent, substantially as herein shown.

I ean'replacc the simple elastic, E, by a spiral spring, of hard brass, or by variousother construct-ions.

l have operated successfully with a lyshu`ttle mo tion, but the violence of the sudden starts is always liable to induce a derangement,'by causing the inertia.

ofthe drum I) to break the thread, or by causing itsA momentum to induce 'a too great motion, and thus entangle thc yarn.

I esteem it highly' preferable. to use some means of inducing a positive, or at leastY a moderate motion.

Instead ofa broad drum I can use a narrow wheel similarly operated. tion shall be that of a smoot-h and almost frictionless winding. Anynarrowing ofthe surface on which the yarn may be stored increases the chance of its becoming entaiigled, particularly with jerking and violent motions of the shuttle. I find the best results with about the proportions here represented.

In tig. 4 I have represented the portion of the shaft (l, on which the cord c is wound, as conical, and this construction tends to equalize the action of the spring E, causing it to pull with about the same tension, whether it has been greatly extended, or has been allowed to contract, but I do not esteem this feature absolutely essential to success.

The combination, with the shuttle, of the take-up drum, having atln'ead-guide, d', carried thereon, with a spriug,'actingl to turn the drum in a direction to take up and wind thereon the sla-ck ofthe weft, and

'yielding to allow the weft to be delivered, when necessary, all substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

` HUGO CARS'IAEDT.

AWitnesses CAMPBELL U. Livi-Nos, A` Honmraxu.

IA believe it practicable to op- It is only essential that the nio-- 

